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Government Program for Single Mother
 Medicaid and the Costs of Federalism, 1984-1992 by Jean Gilman, While assistance programs for the poor have never been as popular as those for the elderly, one such program, Medicaid, became a favorite target for expansion by state and national policymakers during the fiscally conservative 1980s and early 1990s. As a result, Medicaid's expenditures began to grow at rates double that of Medicare which serves the elderly. The author explores the complex political and institutional factors, as well as the contribution of one exceptionally motivated individual, Henry Waxman, in promoting this unusual situation. Why was Medicaid singled out as virtually the only health care program expanded by Congress during these years? The answer is in the nature of the policy itself -- Medicaid's shared financing mechanism -- in which program costs are paid for jointly by the federal and state governments. Such an arrangement diffuses responsibility, increasing opportunities for shifting costs, blame, and/or credit between levels of government. This study presents numerous examples in which the federal government and states expanded the Medicaid program to serve their own interests, while shifting part or all of the cost to the other level of government. The end result was a dramatic increase in Medicaid expenditures, while those of Medicare program, funded by a single level of government, leveled off.
 Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change by Jane E. Fountain, The benefits of using technology to remake government seem almost infinite. The promise of such programs as user-friendly "virtual agencies" and portals where citizens can access all sections of government from a single website has excited international attention. The potential of a digital state cannot be realized, however, unless the rigid structures of the contemporary bureaucratic state change along with the times. Building the Virtual State explains how the American public sector must evolve and adapt to exploit the possibilities of digital governance fully and fairly. The book finds that many issues involved in integrating technology and government have not been adequately debated or even recognized. Drawing from a rich collection of case studies, the book argues that the real challenges lie not in achieving the technical capability of creating a government on the web, but rather in overcoming the entrenched organizational and political divisions within the state. Questions such as who pays for new government websites, which agencies will maintain the sites, and who will ensure that the privacy of citizens is respected reveal the extraordinary obstacles that confront efforts to create a virtual state. These political and structural battles will influence not only how the American state will be remade in the Information Age, but also who will be the winners and losers in a digital society.
Federal Identity Program - The Federal Identity Program (FIP) is the Canadian government's corporate identity program controlled by the Treasury Board Secretariat. The purpose is to clearly identify each program and service of the government, or the Government of Canada in general. Federal Depository Library Program - The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) is administered by the United States Government Printing Office and was established by Congress to ensure that the American public has access to its Government's information. Since 1813, depository libraries have safeguarded the public's right to know by collecting, organizing, maintaining, preserving, and assisting users with information from the Federal Government. Bracero Program - The Bracero Program was a joint labor program initiated in August, 1942 by the United States Federal Government and the Mexican Federal Government. The program was designed to bring skilled Mexican agricultural laborers to the United States to fill gaps in the agriculture labor market. Single-party state - A single-party state or one-party system or single-party system is a type of party system and form of government where only a single political party dominates the government and no opposition parties are allowed. This is often viewed as creating a dictatorship, and many (though not all) actual dictatorships represent themselves as one-party states.
governmentprogramforsinglemother
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